The three largest passenger airline alliances are the Star Alliance, SkyTeam and Oneworld.
Alliances also form between cargo airlines, such as that of WOW Alliance, SkyTeam Cargo and ANA/UPS Alliance.
Airline alliances provide the passengers with a network of code share, connectivity and convenience for international passengers.
The first airline alliance started in the 1930s, between Panair do Brasil and parent company Pan American World Airways as they agreed to exchange routes to Latin America.
The first large scale alliance started in 1989, when Northwest Airlines and KLM agreed to code sharing on a large scale.
The Star Alliance was founded in 1997 which forced competing airlines to form Oneworld in 1999 and SkyTeam in 2000.
In 2010 Richard Branson, chairman of the Virgin Group, announced his intention to form a fourth alliance among Virgin branded airlines;
Virgin Atlantic; Virgin America; and the Virgin Australia Holdings group of airlines.
There are also other types of cooperation between airlines like between Air Malta and Lufthansa.
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